在使用焊接机器人的时候需要注意哪几点?

发布时间:

2023-03-09 16:46

  焊接机器人目前已经成为工业自动化领域中应用比较广泛的,常见的应用领域主要有:汽车行业、新能源、电子电器、机械设备等。那么在使用焊接机器人的时候需要注意哪几点呢?
  At present, welding robots have become widely used in the field of industrial automation, and the common application fields are mainly: automobile industry, new energy, electronic appliances, mechanical equipment, etc. So what should be paid attention to when using welding robots?


  1.必须进行示教作业
  Teaching must be carried out
  在机器人进行自动焊接前,操作人员必须示教机器人焊枪的轨迹和设定焊接条件等。
  Before the robot carries out automatic welding, the operator must teach the robot the trajectory of the welding gun and set the welding conditions.
  由于必须示教,所以机器人不面向多品种少量生产的产品焊接。
  Due to the necessity of teaching, robots do not face the welding of products with many varieties and a small amount of production.
  2.必须确保工件的精度
  The accuracy of the workpiece must be ensured
  机器人没有眼睛,只能重复相同的动作。
  The robot has no eyes and can only repeat the same action.
  机器人轨迹精度为±0.1mm,以此精度重复相同的动作。
  The robot trajectory accuracy is ± 0.1mm, and the same action is repeated with this accuracy.
  焊接偏差大于焊丝半径时,有可能焊接不好,所以工件精度应保持在焊丝半径之内。
  When the welding deviation is greater than the radius of the welding wire, the welding may not be good, so the workpiece accuracy should be kept within the radius of the welding wire.
  3.焊接条件的设定取决于示教作业人员的技术水平
  The setting of welding conditions depends on the technical level of teaching operators
  操作人员进行示教时必须输入焊接程序,焊枪姿态和角度,电流、电压、速度等焊接条件。
  The operator must input the welding procedure, welding torch posture and angle, current, voltage, speed and other welding conditions when teaching.
  示教操作人员必须充分掌握焊接知识和焊接技巧。
  The teaching operator must fully master the welding knowledge and welding skills.
  4.必须充分注意安全
  Full attention must be paid to safety
  机器人是一种高速的运动设备,在其进行自动运行时绝对不允许人靠近机器人(必须设置安全护栏)。
  The robot is a kind of high-speed moving equipment, and people are absolutely not allowed to approach the robot during its automatic operation (safety guardrails must be set).
  操作人员必须接受劳动安全方面的专门教育,否则不准操作。
  Operators must receive special education on labor safety, otherwise they are not allowed to operate.
  要知道,在工业机器人进行焊接工作前一定要先检查好工作环境以及配件的完整性,具体要确保以下几点:
  You should know that before the industrial robot carries out welding work, it is necessary to check the integrity of the working environment and accessories, specifically to ensure the following points:
  1. 焊缝应清洗干净,无油污、铁锈、焊渣、割渣等杂物,允许有可焊性底漆。否则,将影响引弧成功率。定位焊由焊条焊改为气体保护焊,同时对点焊部位进行打磨,避免因定位焊残留的渣壳或气孔,从而避免电弧的不稳甚至飞溅的产生。采用精度较高的装配工装以提高焊件的装配精度。
  The weld shall be cleaned and free of oil, rust, welding slag, cutting slag and other sundries, and weldable primer is allowed. Otherwise, the success rate of arc striking will be affected. The tack welding is changed from electrode welding to gas shielded welding. At the same time, the spot welding parts are polished to avoid the slag shell or air hole left by the tack welding, so as to avoid the instability of the arc and even the generation of spatter. Use assembly tooling with high accuracy to improve the assembly accuracy of weldments.
  2. 要求工件的装配质量和精度必须有较好的一致性。 应用焊接机器人应严格控制零件的制备质量,提高焊件装配精度。零件表面质量、坡口尺寸和装配精度将影响焊缝跟踪效果。可以从编制焊接机器人专用的焊接工艺,对零件尺寸、焊缝坡口、装配尺寸进行严格的工艺规定。
  The assembly quality and accuracy of the workpiece must be consistent. The application of welding robot should strictly control the preparation quality of parts and improve the assembly accuracy of weldments. Part surface quality, groove size and assembly accuracy will affect the weld tracking effect. It is possible to make strict process regulations on part size, weld groove and assembly size from the preparation of special welding process for welding robot.
  3. 一般零件和坡口尺寸公差控制在±0.8mm,装配尺寸误差控制在±1.5mm以内,焊缝出现气孔和咬边等焊接缺陷机率可大幅度降低。来提高零件制备质量和焊件装配精度。
  The size tolerance of general parts and groove shall be controlled within ± 0.8mm, and the assembly size error shall be controlled within ± 1.5mm. The probability of welding defects such as pores and undercuts in the weld can be greatly reduced. To improve the preparation quality of parts and the assembly accuracy of weldments.

焊接机器人